云南核桃种质资源现状及开发利用

Germplasm Resource fuglans sigillata in Yunnan and Its Exploitaion and Utilzation

文章通过对97个核桃种质开花结实习性、植株产量、坚果品质等分析测定认为,云南核桃种质资源极为丰富,其花型、结实期、成熟期、坚果三径值、出仁率等均有很大差异,为选择优良类型和杂交亲本提供了条件。通过对97个种质综合分析评价认为:云南泡核桃、三台核桃、细香核桃三个品质优良,是云南核桃的主裁品种,可大力发展。丽3号、杂交14号等9个优良可在生产上推广应用;弥渡纸皮核桃等可作早熟品种;铁核桃和野核桃是优良品种核桃栽培品种的砧木和育种材料。

The blooming and fruiting habit, indivdual yield and nut quality of 97 germplasms of J. sigillata in Yunnan were examined and analyzed. The results implied that Yunnan province enjoyed very rich germplasm resource of j.sigillata, those germplasms differed very much in flower form, fruiting period, maturation period, nut size and kernel ratio, which provided a favorable material basis for selection of superior types and progenitors. Through comprehensive assessment, ＂Yunnan pao＂, ＂Santai＂and ＂Xixiang＂were proved to be varieties with desirable quality, which could be developed in Yunnan in large scale. Nine superior strains such as ＂1A No.3＂and ＂hybrid No.14＂ couldbe estended in production. ＂Zhipi＂localized to Midu was the suggested early fruiting variety whereas wild strain of J.sigillata could be used as rook stocks and breeding materials.