宝鸡方言的使感结构初探——兼与相关方言比较

The Factitive Structure in Baoji Dialect——Acomparison with relevant dialect

在宝鸡方言中存在着一类如"辣人"、"捂人"、"烧人"、"痨人"等不管是在语义上还是构形上都十分有特色的词语,这一形式一般由一个单音节语素"X"加"人"构成,表达一种由外界的刺激给人造成的某种不舒服的消极主观感受。学术界普遍将其称之为"使感结构",也有称为"自感动词""、使受结构"的。文章对宝鸡方言的使感结构进行初步探讨,并与相关方言作比较。

In Baoji dialect there exists such a distinctive group of words either in terms of semantic meanings or structure as ＂laren （make one feel pungent）＂, ＂wuren （make sb. feel stuffy） shaoren （make sb. feel scalded） laoren （make sb. feel ill）＂. This form is generally made up of a monosyllabic morpheme plus somebody, expressing a measure of negative subjective feeling imposed by external stimuli. The academic circle generally calls it ＂factitive structure＂, also styled ＂self-conscious verbs＂ or ＂passive structure＂. The paper makes a preliminary discussion of the factitive structure in Baoji dia- lect and makes a comparison with relevant dialects.