布鲁氏菌脂多糖及其突变株的研究进展

PROGRESS IN BRUCELLA LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND MUTANT

布鲁氏菌是兼性胞内生长的细菌病原体,其致病机理和胞内存活、复制有关。脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)是布鲁氏菌外膜的主要成分,由类脂A、核心寡聚糖和O抗原三部分组成,分别由多种与LPS合成相关的酶催化合成。布鲁氏菌LPS在感染中起重要作用,是一种重要的毒力因子。LPS的完整性决定布氏杆菌表型,对光滑型布鲁氏菌LPS合成过程中所需酶的编码基因进行突变可导致产生结构不完整的粗糙型LPS,使其毒力变弱,经常被用作减毒活菌苗候选株进行研究。本文针对布鲁氏菌LPS的结构、生物合成和突变株的研究进展进行简要综述。

Brucella is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen,and its virulence depends on the survival and replication properties in host cells.Lipopolysaccharide（LPS） is the main component of Brucella outer membrane,which consists of lipid A,core oligosaccharide and O-antigen,and whose biosynthesis catalyzed by dozens of enzymes.Brucella LPS plays a crucial role in the infection process and is an important virulence factor.The integrity of LPS determines the phenotype of Brucella.Mutation of Brucella LPS O-antigen results in the phenotype change of smooth to rough and attenuated virulence of the bacteria.So LPS has been a target for attenuating strains for vaccine development.In this review,the structure,the biosynthesis,as well as the progress in rough phenotype mutation of Brucella LPS and the potential use for vaccine candidate were briefly summarized.