不同路况下正常步态特征研究

Normal gait patterns on different terrain

为系统研究人体步态随路况的变化 ,利用人体运动分析系统采集了多个健康人在上下坡、上下楼梯、平地等路况下行走时的位移 -时间和地面受力数据 ,并利用人体下肢刚体动力学模型 ,计算了各路况下髋、膝、踝关节所需力矩。分析结果表明 ,各路况下人体步态差异很大 ,各关节所提供的力矩各不相同。支撑期上楼梯时所需膝力矩最大 ,摆动期上楼梯和上坡时所需膝力矩均较大。各种情况下不仅力矩的数值不同 ,而且力矩的模式也有很大差异。这些数值结果为了解人体运动规律 。

The gait patterns on diferent terrains using a human locomotion survey and analysis system displacements and ground forces were recorded for subjects walking uphill, downhill, up stairs, down stairs, and in level passageways. The lower limb rigid dynamic model was used to calculate moments at the hip, knee, and ankle joints on different terrains. The results indicate large differences among the various gait patterns. The knee moments during the standing phase when walking up stairs are the largest. During the swing phase, the knee momonts when walking up stairs or uphill are greater than that for other terrains. Quantitative results show that for these different terrains, not only the values of the moment but also the mode of each joint are different. The investigation provide further understanding of the biomechanical principles of human movements for analysis of unnormal gait patterns and for improvements of rehabilitation mothods.