不同灌水量对无核白葡萄生长发育和产量的影响

Impact of Different Irrigation Volumes on Growth, Development and Yield of Thompsons Seedless Grape

【目的】在吐鲁番戈壁砾石地和极度干燥气候条件下,研究葡萄根域限制方式和自压软管灌溉对葡萄生长发育的影响,摸清自压软管的灌水量、灌溉周期和栽培管理措施。【方法】设置三个不同灌水量,采用自压软管灌溉与根域限制结合的栽培方式,研究其对无核白新梢粗度、叶面积、果粒大小、含糖量、产量的影响。【结果】采用自压软灌灌溉,灌水量控制1 025 m3/667 m2时,葡萄产量达到1 508.5 kg/667 m2,单粒重2.5 g,灌水量在867 m3时,产量只有1 348 kg/667 m2。【结论】在吐鲁番地区实行软管与根域限制结合的栽培方式,灌水量较常规沟灌减少灌溉量近40%,葡萄单粒重、可溶性固形物含量、单产与沟灌基本相当。

[ Objective] To research the dominant restrictions around the grape roots under extremely dry weather conditions and under Turpan gobi gravel ground, and the effects of self - pressure hose irrigation volume on grape growth and development so as to find out the proper water volume, irrigation cycle and the cultivation and management measures. [Method ] Three different flexible hose irrigation amounts were set. Self -pressure soft hose irrigation was combined with root restriction size cultivation to research the effect on Thompsons Seedless grape＇s new shoots roughness, leaf area, berry weight, sugar content and yield. [ Result] Studies have shown that when one acre of irrigation control is 1,025 m^3, grape yield can reach 1,508.5 kg, single grain berry weight can reach 2.5 g, and when irrigation amount is around 867 m3, its yield is only 1, 348 kg. [ Conclusion ] Implememation of the hose irrigation with root restriction cultivation combined in the Turpan area, nearly 40 percent of the irrigation water can be reduced compared to the conventional furrow irrigation mode. The grape＇s weight, soluble solid content, yields under this mode is roughly equal to that under furrow irrigation.