铝合金矩形机箱工装设计及拼焊工艺

Welding Fixture Design and Assemble Welding Process for Aluminum Alloy Rectangle Chassis

大厚度铝合金矩形机箱在拼焊生产过程中,存在组装难度大,焊缝质量不易保证,焊后变形大等问题。针对铝合金矩形机箱焊后马鞍型和螺旋型变形特点,选用表面定位方式,设计了多种类型的夹板,完成了箱体焊接工装的设计。在此基础上,采用真空电子束焊,通过严格的工艺措施完成了机箱的拼焊,获得了深宽比符合要求的焊缝,保证了机箱结构的完整性。经检测,矩形机箱满足设计要求。实践证明,此工装和工艺方案可行,对类似构件的制造有指导意义。

The problems which include difficulty in assembly, joint quality control, large distortion after welding ex- ist in assembly welding process of heavy-thickness aluminum rectangle chassis. The corresponding fixture types were chosen for different type of structure plates. According to the characteristic of chassis type bodies deformation after welding, a fix- ture for the chassis was designed. Based on these works, electron beam welding is successfully used in the chassis assembly welding process. The chassis after welding meet the specifications of design requirement. The results show that the designed fixture and process is practical, and this research is advantageously used in solving these problems.