小麦种质抗白粉病基因的分子标记检测

Detection of Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes in Wheat Germplasm Using Molecular Markers

[目的]促进小麦抗白粉病基因材料在小麦育种及生产中的应用。[方法]利用STS、SCAR和SSR标记有效检测124个小麦品种资源中Pm21、Pm30、Pm34 3个类型抗白粉病基因的分布。[结果]124份亲本材料中,7份材料含有Pm21基因(占5.65%),16份材料含有Pm30基因(占12.9%),4份材料含有Pm34基因(占3.23%);以2种抗性基因聚合形式存在的共有2种类型:其中1份材料含有Pm21+Pm30(占0.81%),1份材料含有Pm30+Pm34(占0.81%);没有发现以Pm21+Pm34 2种抗性基因聚合形式和Pm21+Pm30+Pm34 3种抗性基因聚合形式存在的类型。[结论]利用与抗白粉病基因Pm21、Pm30和Pm34连锁的特异标记对品种资源进行检测,可为小麦育种提供广谱、持久抗病的新材料。

[Objective] In order to promote the use of the wheat powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat breeding and production.[Method] The distribution of Pm21,Pm30,and Pm34 genes in 124 wheat variety resources using STS,SCAR and SSR molecular markers was detected.[Result] The results showed that the frequency of Pm30 gene(16 wheat varieties,12.9%) was highest,Pm21 was higher(7 wheat varieties,5.65%) and Pm34 was lowest(4 wheat varieties,3.23%) in 124 wheat variety resources.What's more,the research showed that part of wheat variety resources contained two kinds of wheat powdery mildew resistance genes combination,and their distribution frequency was also different.One material(0.81%) was detected to contain Pm21 and Pm30.One(0.81%) carried Pm30 and Pm34.We did not find Pm21 + Pm34 two resistance genes aggregation form or Pm21+ Pm30 + Pm34 three types of resistance genes polymerization form.[Conclusion] We detected variety resources with powdery mildew resistance gene of Pm21 or Pm30 or Pm34 chaining specific PCR markers,so as to provide broad spectrum and durable resistance materials for wheat breeding.