甲状腺全切术后的护理体会

Postoperative nursing experience of total thyroidectomy

目的总结甲状腺全切术后护理的常规方法和注意事项。方法回顾性分析本科2007年4月～2012年4月共56例行甲状腺全切手术患者的术后病情观察和常规护理资料,尤其是并发症的发现和处理情况。结果术后出现6例并发症,其中,暂时性低钙4例,术后出血1例,术中分离时牵拉致单侧喉返神经暂时性损伤1例,无一例发生甲状腺危象,所有患者经精心护理,及时处置,均康复出院。结论甲状腺手术能否成功,不仅由手术决定,制订系统全面的护理方案对术后康复同样有重要影响,临床应参照患者的基本病情,及时了解术中情况,密切观察患者术后反应情况,研究并建立适用于不同患者、不同病情的全面的护理流程,并且在临床工作中不断完善,使护理过程规范化,可有效保证医疗安全。

Objective To summarize the conventional methods and special precautions of postoperative nursing of total thyroidectomy. Methods The postoperative disease observation and conventional nursing of 56 patients, who received total thyroidectomy in our department from April 2007 to April 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, especially the timely detection and treatment of complications. Results There were 6 cases of postoperative complications, including 4 cases of temporary low calcium, 1 case of postoperative bleeding, and 1 case of temporary injury of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve caused by traction of surgery separation. There were no cases of thyroid crisis. All patients were cured and discharged after intensive care and timely disposal. Conclusion The systematic and comprehensive nursing programs have significant impact on success of thyroid surgery. The nursing procedure for different patients with different disease should be studied, established, and normalized on the base of essential condition of patients and according to the standard of intraoperative condition as well as postoperative reactions of patients, which can effectively ensure the security of medical treatment.