稀土永磁同步电动机驱动抽油机的节能效益

Power saving Benefit of the Well Pumping Unit Drived by a Rare-earth Permanent magnet Synchronous Motor

传统的同步电动机与异步电动机相比具有突出的优点 ,如效率高、功率因数高 ,但是同步电动机仍然不能取代异步电动机用于小功率简单驱动场合 .电磁式的同步电动机需要附加起动控制装置而永磁同步电动机一般用于变频传动 .用于抽油机自起动的稀土永磁同步电动机是一种复合电机 ,它兼有同步电动机与异步电动机的优点 ,起动时如同异步电动机而牵入同步后运行在同步转速 .笔者研制的稀土永磁同步电动机转子上装有空间对称的鼠笼条和稀土磁铁 .抽油机负荷特点是驱动电动机需要起动转矩大而运行时负荷率很低 (30 % ) ,介绍了研制的稀土永磁同步电动机的结构和设计特点和节能机理 .油田现场试验结果表明驱动方案可行 ,用稀土永磁同步电动机替代三相异步电动机来驱动抽油机可节电 1 5%左右 .

Thecharacteristicof the load of a well pumping unit is that startingtorqueisgreatand running torque is small (generally the latter is less than 30% of the former). The rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor introduced in the paper is designed for the well pumping unit. It is a self starting hybrid motor, and it has the advantages of asynchronous motors and synchronous motors. It is like a asynchronous motor when starting, and like a synchronous motor after starting. Its composition and power saving principle are introduced in the paper. Field test results show that to replace a three phase induction motor with the motor can save power of about 15%.