超临界流体萃取法测定润滑油潜含量的初探

PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR DETERMINATION OF POTENTIAL CONTENT OF LUBRICATING OIL THROUGH SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION

在经典的润滑油潜含量测定过程中 ,使用柱色谱法来分离样品。该分离方法耗时长 ,有机试剂用量大。本课题结合超临界流体萃取的制备特性和色谱的分离特性 ,在萃取池中加入既能作为样品载体又能作为烃类分离介质的吸附剂 ,用超临界 CO2 作流动相 ,用改性剂将润滑油馏分萃取分离为饱和烃 (链烷烃和环烷烃 ,P+ N)、轻芳烃 (A1 )、中芳烃 (A2 )、重芳烃 +胶质 (A3+胶质 ) 4部分。本方法的分离效果接近于柱色谱法 ,且无环境污染、仪器操作简单、重复性好。

Classic column chromatography has been used to determine the potential content of lubricating oil,which needs long test time as well as organic solvents like benzene.So it is necessary to develop a new method with no environmental problems and less time.In order to separate lubricating oil into saturated hydrocarbons,monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,dicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)conditions such as the temperature,the pressure and the supercritical CO 2 volume were investigated.The amount of each hydrocarbon group separated by SFE is similar to that of classic column chromatography.SFE has many advantages such as less time needed,good repeatability,no environmental problems and easy operation.