探寻贵州吊脚楼的文化意义

A Probe into the Cultural Sense of the High-Floor Houses in Guizhou

贵州省保存着许多原生态吊脚楼,其基本特征是"吊脚"和"上人下畜"。"吊脚"源于农耕以前的"巢居","上人下畜"是稻作时代的变化。吊脚楼是汉字"家"、"牢"、"南"的原型,反映出稻作文化的地域性和民族性,"水上谷仓"更为我们了解原始稻作环境提供了可靠的依据。

There are a lot of the high - floor houses in Guizhou, characterized with two basic features ： ＂high floors＂ and ＂with the upper floor for people to live and the lower one for livestock＂. The origin of the so - called ＂high floors＂ evolves from the ＂tree houses＂ inhabited by farmers during the pre -agricultural age, and the real situation that people occupy the upper floor（ s）, leaving the livestock on the lower floor is a change during the period of rice cultivation. The shape of high - floor houses symbolizes the original forms of three Chinese charac- ters ： ＂家~＂, ＂牢＂, and ＂南＂, reflecting the regional and racial features concerned with rice culture. Moreover, ＂the granaries on the water＂ provides us with reliable evidences to know the primitive environment of rice culti- vation.