住院老年病患者多病性和多药性研究

Research on multiple-diseases and multiple drug use in hospitalized senile patients

目的研究住院老年患者的多药性和多病性。方法选择2009～2012年期间5316例住院患者,依据患者年龄分为成人组和老年组,药物统计为出院前第1 d使用的药物数量,病种数以出院诊断为统计依据;同时使用≥5种药物为多药性,同时合并≥5种疾病为多病性。结果老年组平均使用药物为(10.5±9.2)种,成人组平均使用药物为(3.5±3.1)种,老年组显著多于成人组(P<0.01);不同年龄老年亚组平均使用药物为:65～74岁(6.5±6.4)种,75～84岁(9.6±9.2)种,≥85岁(11.4±10.2)种,65～74岁亚组与≥85岁亚组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。老年组病种数为(8.3±4.8)种,成人组病种数为(3.8±3.2)种,老年组病种数比成人组病种数多(P<0.01)。不同年龄老年亚组病种数为:65～74岁(5.3±4.8)种,75～84岁(7.4±5.7)种,≥85岁(9.2±6.1)种,65～74岁亚组与≥85岁亚组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论住院老年患者普遍存在多药性和多病性,高龄患者更突出。

Objective To study the multiple drug use and multiple-diseases in hospitalized senile patients.Methods 5,316 patients hospitalized between 2009 and 2012 were divided into adult group and senile group according to their ages.The drug statistics was based on the number of drugs used one day before the discharge,and the number of diseases was counted based on the discharge diagnosis.Multiple drug use was defined as concurrent use of 5 or more than 5 drugs;the concept of multiple-diseases was defined as concurrent existence of 5 or more than 5 diseases.Results The mean number of drugs used in the senile group was 10.5 ± 9.2 and 3.5 ± 3.1 in the adult group.The former was higher than the latter（P 0.01）.The mean numbers of drugs used in the subgroups of the senile patients were 6.5 ± 6.4 in people of 65-74 years old,9.6 ± 9.2 in people of 75-84 years old,and 11.4 ± 10.2 in people of or older than 85 years old,respectively.The average number of diseases was 8.3 ± 4.8 in the senile group and 3.8 ± 3.2 in the adult group.The average number in the senile group was higher than that in the adult group（P 0.01）.The average numbers of diseases in the subgroups of the senile people were 5.3 ± 4.8 in people of 65-74 years old,7.4 ± 5.7 in 75-84 years old,and 9.2 ± 6.1 in people of or older than 85 years old.There were significant differences between the subgroup of 65-74 years old and that≥85 years old（P 0.01）.Conclusion Multiple drug use and multiple-diseases are prevalent in the hospitalized senile patients especially in the advanced aged ones.