摘要
主要组织相容性复合体(MHC,Major histoeompatibility complex)是最具多态性的免疫分子。其多态性主要取决于群体内MHC基因的大量等位基因及等位基因间高度的序列变异。等位基因的序列变异主要发生在抗原肽结合区(peptide binding region,PBR),这决定了不同基因型个体的免疫力差异。鱼类受多倍化影响,MHC基因的多态性还表现在同一基因存在多个基因座位(多拷贝)。MHC的高度多态性及与机体免疫力的相关性,使其在鱼类遗传进化、抗病育种等方面倍受关注。本文介绍了有关鱼类MHC基因的结构、功能及其在遗传育种中的应用。
The major histocompatibility complex（MHC）as a cluster of genes related with immune response is known to have the highest polymorphism in vertebrate animals.The polymorphism of MHC reflects in a large number of alleles which show high variation in allel sequence.The sequence variation between alleles mainly happened in peptide binding region（PBR）causes differences in immunity among different genotypes.The polymorphism of MHC genes is characterized by several gene seats（more copies）occurred in the same genedue to polyploidization in fish.Because of its high polymorphism and immunity related,MHC has been drawn much attention in genetic evolution and disease resistance breeding.The function and application of MHC genes in genetic breeding in fish are summarized in this paper.
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
2013年第3期64-68,共5页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
甘肃省自然科学基金(1010RJZA200)
甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2011-21)
