复合动词「V+切る」的多义性研究

On the Multiple Senses of Compound Verb “V+Kiru”

通过分析后项动词的语义特征对日语复合动词「V+切る」的多义性进行考察,进而探讨「V+切る」语义变化的机制。考察结果显示,「V+切る」经历了由具体的受事切断义向受事分离义,进而向受事变化终结义、施事变化终结义的词汇层面的语义扩张以及语法化后由动作终结义、变化终结义向程度极限义的句法层面的语义扩张过程。复合动词「V+切る」的语义变化机制不仅受到前项动词的影响,而且还与受事的性质有着密切的关系。

This essay analyses the multiple senses of compound verb ＂V ＋ Kiru＂ on the basis of semantic features of post - verbs, then probes into the semantic changes of ＂V ＋ Kiru＂ with the conclusion that ＂V ＋ Kiru＂ goes through semantic extension on lexical level from concrete sense of ＂theme＇ s being broken＂ to ＂ theme＇ s being separated＂, to ＂the ending point of theme＇ s change＂ to ＂the ending point of agent＇ s change＂ and semantic extension on syntactic level after grammaticalization from ＂the ending point of an action＂, ＂stopping changing＂ to ＂state of extremes＂. The semantic changes of compound verb ＂V ＋ Kiru＂ are influenced not only by pre - verbs but also the characteristics of the themes.