俺答汗与蒙藏民族文化变迁与认同——一个民族文化“引入”的个案

Altan Khan and the Identity of Mongolian and Tibetan Cultures——A Case Study of How an Ethnic Culture Was Introduced and Integrated

一个民族可以在接触其他群体的过程中不断开创或阐释自身的文化传统。自阔端开始,藏传佛教传入蒙古贵族阶层,随着元朝的覆灭而渐渐衰落。16世纪后半期,藏传佛教第二次传入蒙古地区,俺答汗无疑是重要的"引入人"。经二百余年的传播与发展达到鼎盛,藏传佛教深入到蒙古社会的政治、经济、文化等诸领域之中,并成为蒙古族的生活态度、思维方式、价值观念和精神家园。藏传佛教也成为蒙藏民族间相互认同的纽带和标帜。

A nation can continually create and interpret its own cultural tradition in the contact with other ethnic groups.Starting from Kuoduan,Tibetan Buddhism was introduced to Mongo and widely spread among Mongolian nobles.With the fall of the Yuan Dynasty,Tibetan Buddhism began to decline.In the second half of the sixteenth century,Tibetan Buddhism was once again introduced to the Mongolian area and Altan Khan obviously played an important function as the ＂introducer＂.After 200 years of dissemination and development,Tibetan Buddhism met its height.It was embodied in Mongolian＇s politics,economy and culture,and became one part of their life attitude, way of thinking,value system,and spiritual pursuit.Tibetan Buddhism has become the bond and logo for mutual recognition between Mongols and Tibetans.