杰弗里·哈特曼:一个超越解构的解构者

Geoffrey Hartman:A Deconstructionist Beyond Deconstruction

杰弗里·哈特曼是法国式解构思想最初在美国的发扬者之一,为盛名久远的耶鲁大学学者和"耶鲁学派,"成员。其解构主义批评理论是与以德里达为主要代表的解构主义批评和美学理论一脉相承的,特别是对解构主义的不确定性理论的继承。但是他在继承的基础上进行了大胆的创新和超越。他把解构当成一种文本解读的策略而非某种教条。批评与文学同一性这个观点正是哈特曼解构主义批评理论最别出心裁之处。此外,对于人文性的信仰,对批评家心理学方面的探索,均体现了他既坚持批评本体又超越批评的姿态。哈特曼以传统的人文特性兼具解构特征,是一位"超越解构的解构者"。

Geoffrey Hartman is one of the foremost American proponents of deconstruction and an enormously respected scholar at Yale University,as well as a member of the ＂Yale School＂.On the one hand,the fact that Hartman＇s deconstruction thoughts have their origin in the Derridean and more conceptual form of deconstruction, especially the principle of indeterminacy,justifies himself a deconstructionist.On the other,Hartman＇s original view on criticism as literature,his unswerving faith in humanism and his lasting concern with psychology lead him away from the boa-deconstructors,to hold a bipartite position in the deconstructive camp：both deconstructive and traditional.