称呼语的原型范畴理论解析

Analysis of Address Terms from the Perspective of Prototype Theory

称呼语是人们进行社交活动时使用的语言,是语言交际系统的重要组成部分。语言表达的意义受语境的制约,在不同的交际语境下,对同一对象可以采用不同的称呼语以表达不同的情感意义。通过心理学家Eleanor Rosch于20世纪70年代提出的原型范畴理论,对不同语境下亲属称呼语和社会称呼语中称呼语的转换进行了具体分析,并揭示了称呼语转换背后的认知机制。

Address terms, as the language used in social communication, plays an important part in the language communication system. The meanings expressed by language are under the restriction of context. In different communicative contexts, different address terms of the same object can convey various affective meanings. Through the prototype theory proposed by psychologist Eleanor Rosch in 1970s, this paper attempts to analyze the switch of address terms in kinship address terms and social address terms under different communicative contexts, and to reveal the cognitive mechanism behind the switch of address terms.