疼痛及其与镇痛的对立和统一

Opposition and unification between pain and analgesia

机体对任何生命现象的调控都具有增强和减弱的双重性。当机体受到内源性或外源性的伤害性刺激时,便会产生痛的主观感受,并能同时进行相应的保护反应。复杂的机体不仅能感受疼痛,还能对抗疼痛。对于疼痛的内源性调控来说,机体除了有抑痛的镇痛系统,还有促痛的易化系统,两者共同构成机体对疼痛的内源性调控系统,它们的作用总是既对立,又统一的。

The regulation and control of living body to any biological phenomena is bidirectional, which contains facilitation and inhibition. While it is suffering from endogenous or exogenous harmful stimulus, the living body can have subjective pain perception and do protective reflex at the same time. The living body can both feel pain and inhibit pain. Within the living body, there are both descending inhibition system for analgesia and descending facilitation system for pain, which constitute the endogenous regulation system for harmful infornaation transmission. The effects of both systems are not always opposite. In many cases, in order to keep the homeostasis of the living body, they also need to be unification.