重大自然灾害监测评估空间数据共享研究

Research on Spatial Data Sharing for Major Natural Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation

近年来,我国自然灾害风险呈现空间上扩大和强度上增加的趋势,随着国民经济持续高速发展、生产规模扩大和社会财富的积累,灾害损失呈现日益加重的趋势。空间信息技术在重大自然灾害领域的应用深度不断扩大和延伸,灾害管理对空间技术应用的需求也日益迫切。本文基于目前我国空间数据共享现状,重点研究了重大自然灾害监测评估对空间数据的需求,结合近些年来应对重大自然灾害的实践,论述了基于空间信息的自然灾害监测评估技术框架,提出了重大自然灾害监测评估中空间数据共享存在的问题和解决途径,为提高重大自然灾害监测评估水平、增强重大自然灾害管理和应对能力提供思路。

In recent years, the risk of natural disasters in China is expanding in space and increasing in intensity. With the sustained and rapid development of the national economy, the expansion of the scale of production and the accumulation of social wealth, disaster losses are increasing. The application of spatial information technology in the field of major natural disasters is expanding and extending, and disaster management is more and more demanding on space technology. Based on the status of spatial data sharing in China, focusing on the need spatial data for major natural disaster monitoring and evaluation, and combined with practice of the major natural disasters in recent years, this paper discusses the framework of natural disaster monitoring and evaluation based on spatial information technology. It also points out the problems and solutions of major spatial data sharing for major natural disaster monitoring and evaluation, and provides ideas to improve the level of monitoring and evaluation of major natural disasters and enhances major natural disaster management and response capabilities.