应用PBL教学模式提高眼科年轻医师培养质量

Application of PBL to improve the quality of junior doctor training in ophthalmology

PBL教学模式是目前国际上广泛应用的一种临床医学教学方法。PBL强调知识的主动构建而不是被动接受,它的主要目的是让年轻医师在回答及解决临床实际问题过程中获得新的知识和信息,同时养成终生受益的自主学习技能。在PBL教学过程中,首先让年轻医师了解PBL的目的和形式,然后提供典型的临床病例及其需要解决的问题,通过自学了解与该病例相关的基本知识。在此基础上,引导年轻医师独立地通过各种途径获得与该病例及其需要解决问题的相关知识。PBL教学模式在眼科临床教学中的应用提高了年轻医师学习的积极性、主动性和创造性;有助于养成独立思考,解决实际问题的能力;有助于培养年轻医师的团队、协作精神;有助于提高表达能力及医患沟通能力。

PBL （problem-based learning） teaching model is a widely used clinical teaching method around the world. PBL is viewed as a process of active knowledge building rather than passive knowledge reception. The main purpose of this method is to help junior doctors acquire new information by providing them with a context to apply their knowl-edge to clinical problems and to provide them with resources in self-directed learning skills that will persist through- out their careers. First of all, junior doctors are asked to attend the lectures to learn the purpose and form of PBL teaching model. Then junior doctors are given the typical clinical cases and corresponding problems need to be re- solved. Junior doctors actively and independently obtain knowledge through a variety of ways by self-study and inde- pendently built problem-solving strategies. PBL teaching model in clinical ophthalmology teaching improves junior doctors＂ learning enthusiasm, initiative and creativity; helps to develop independent thinking and the ability to solve practical problems; helps to train junior doctors＂ team spirit of collaboration and helps to improve communication skills and the doctor-patient communication.