海外华商近年投资中国的强势成长与深刻变化

Recent Strong Growth of Overseas Chinese Investments and Its Profound Impact

论文分析阐述了改革开放以来侨商与外商在华投资格局的大变动情况、侨资强势成长的原因以及中国经济转型下的侨资企业在国际竞争中走向新格局的现状和特点。认为海外华商对中国大陆的投资,近八年来强势增长,亚洲华商在中国外商直接投资中的比重逐年稳定上升;欧美日韩企业对华投资的比重则在下降。海外华商平均投资额也大幅度增加,超过欧美日韩企业的水平。究其原因是多方面的,既受世界经济大环境特别是全球FDI趋势的影响,也与中国经济发展态势密切相关,还与海外华商的投资与经营特点相关。在中国经济转型过程中,日益本土化的趋势使侨资企业全面融入中国经济脉动之中,一批华商品牌在中国本土成长起来。国内外资本市场的发展,推动了侨资传统产业的资本形成与技术升级,侨资科技产业与战略性新兴产业异军突起。侨资企业优胜劣汰,呈现新的格局与国际竞争力。

Overseas Chinese investment in China has undergone a U-turn since the 1980s. It accounted for about 80% of China＇s foreign direct investment in the 1980s, but slid to 34. 4% by 2005, and then rose to 66% by 2011. In contrast, non-Chinese foreign investments, including those from Americans, Europeans, Japanese, and Koreans, increased significantly after China joined the WTO in 2001 but soon rapidly declined. The authors of this article analyze this phenomenon, and conclude that the superiority of Overseas Chinese entrepreneurs over their non-Chinese competitors in foreign direct investment is attributable to their adaptability to China＇s economic transformation, their efforts in business localization, and their expansion into new industries of high technology.