SHR/WKY/SD大鼠的行为学特征研究

Behavioral characteristics in the spontaneously hypertensive,Wistar-Kyoto,and Sprague-Dawley rats

【目的】系统观察注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)动物模型幼年SHR大鼠的注意灵活性、冲动性、自主活动性以及空间学习及记忆能力等方面的行为特征。【方法】4周龄SHR、WKY大鼠和SD大鼠各8只,适应环境1周后开始分别进行注意定势转移实验,开场实验和Morris水迷宫实验,在进行注意定势转移实验前1周,开始进行饮食限制,使测试时大鼠的体重是自由饮食组大鼠(额外8只SD大鼠)体重的85%。【结果】在注意定势转移实验中,SHR比WKY/SD大鼠的潜伏期显著性缩短(P<0.01),循环数以及固执错误和退化错误显著性增加(P<0.01)。在开场实验中,SHR与WKY比较活动水平显著性增加(P<0.01)。而与SD比较,其活动水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在定位航行实验中,SHR(14.41±3.68)s与SD大鼠(16.62±4.65)s比较其潜伏期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),WKY(23.45±12.02)s潜伏期显著延长,表现出明显的漂浮特征。在空间探索实验中,SHR(39.92±4.68)s比WKY(54.57±9.34)s及SD(55.92±8.78)s在原平台位置停留时间显著性缩短(P<0.01)。【结论】增加SD大鼠作为另一种对照组更能准确地反应SHR大鼠在冲动性、自主活动性以及注意灵活性、空间记忆能力的特性,客观地再现了ADHD的行为特征。

【Objective】 To observe the behavioral characteristics of attentional flexibility,impulse,spontaneous locomotor activity,cognitive ability in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat（SHR）,model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）.【Methods】 To characterize behavioural alterations,attentional set-shifting test,open-field environment test and morris water maze were used in eight juvenile SHR,Wistar-Kyoto（WKY）and SD rats.Prior to training on the set-shifting task,weights were obtained and rats were then food deprived to 85% of the free-feeding standard weight.【Results】 In ASST,the SHR was found decreased mean latency,more trials to reach criterion and more perseverative and regressive errors than the control strains（P0.01）.In open field,the activity levels were significantly higher in SHR than in WKY controls（P0.01）,but there was no significant difference between the SHR and SD rat.During the navigation test,there was no significant difference of latency in SHR（14.41±3.68） and SD rat（16.62±4.65）（P0.05）,WKY rat（23.45±12.02）showed the characteristic of floating.In probe test,SHR（39.92±4.68）showed shorter times stayed in old platform than WKY（54.57±9.34） and SD rat（55.92±8.78）（P0.01）.【Conclusions】 It is important to added SD rats as an additional control to show the behavioral characteristics of SHR in impulse,attentional flexibility,spontaneous locomotor activity and cognitive ability.The SHR is the suitable model used for the study of the behavioral characteristic in the ADHD.