红槭树枝条酚类成分及其抗氧化和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究

Phenolic constituents from twigs of Acer rubrum and their anti-oxidation and anti-α-glucosidase activities

目的研究红槭树枝条甲醇提取物中的酚类化学成分及其抗氧化和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。方法采用甲醇浸泡提取红槭树枝条,系统溶剂萃取其甲醇提取物,并用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS和制备HPLC等各种柱色谱技术对其醋酸乙酯部位进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和谱学数据鉴定化合物结构,并对单体化合物进行DPPH自由基清除和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性测试。结果从红槭树枝条醋酸乙酯部位中分离得到了10个酚类化合物,分别鉴定为儿茶素(1)、表儿茶素(2)、表儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸酯(3)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(4)、槲皮素-3-O-(3″-没食子酰基)-吡喃鼠李糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-没食子酰基)-吡喃鼠李糖苷(6)、根皮苷(7)、条茶槭甲素(8)、条茶槭乙素(9)和条茶槭丙素(10)。结论化合物3、5～7为首次从红槭树枝条中分离得到,其中化合物7是首次从槭树科植物中分离得到的一个查耳酮类成分。所有化合物均具有很强的抗氧化活性,化合物3和8具有很强的抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。

Objective To isolate and identify the phenolic constituents with anti-oxidant and anti-α-glucosidase activities from the methanol extract in the twigs of Acer rubrum. Methods The twigs of A. rubrum were extracted by methanol then partitioned by system solvents with different polarity. The ethyl acetate extract was separated on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS columns, and by semi-preparative HPLC. The isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. The DPPH free radical scavenging and anti-α-glucosidase activities of the compounds were also evaluated. Results Ten phenolic compounds were isolated and purified from the twigs of A. rubrum and were identified as catechin （1）, epicatechin （2）, epicatechin-3-O-gallate （3）, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside （4）, quercetin-3-O-3 ＂-galloyl-rhamnoside （5）, quercetin-3-O-2＂-galloyl-rhamnoside （6）, phloridzin （7）, ginnalin A （8）, ginnalin B （9）, and ginnalin C （10）. Conclusion Compounds 3 and 5--7 are isolated from the twigs ofA. rubrum for the first time. Compound 7 is the only one chalcone isolated from the plants in Aceraceae for the first time. All of the compounds show the good anti-oxidant activities. Compounds 3 and 8 show the strong anti-α-glucosidase activities.