水产品鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)细菌多样性及优势微生物分析

ANALYSIS OF BACTERIA DIVERSITY AND PREDOMINANT MICROORGANISM IN AQUATIC PRODUCTS OF MACKEREL

为研究鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)在不同冻藏时期的优势微生物,并且得到一个较全面的细菌群落组成结构,采用16SrDNA基因克隆文库及克隆子分析等方法,分别对冻藏1d、8d和20d条件下鲐鱼鳃体系中的细菌种群多样性、优势微生物及其中产组胺菌的变化进行分析。结果表明,不同时期鲐鱼鳃内的细菌多样性均较强;冻藏1天的鳃体系中不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)占优势为总数的77.5%,产组胺细菌如泛菌属(Pantoea)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)较少;第8天优势细菌种群是梭杆菌属(Fusobacteria bacterium)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella),而产组胺菌如发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)和弧菌属(Vibrio)较前期数量有所增加;冻藏到第20天的优势种群为哈夫尼菌属(Hafnia)和沙雷菌属(Serratia),它们均是产组胺的菌群。鲐鱼中细菌多样性及其优势微生物的变化等全面信息可为了解鲐鱼水产品组胺发生的微生物机制及其控制方法提供重要依据。

In order to investigate the bacteria community and predominant microbes in Pneumatophorus japonicus at different frozen periods of 1, 8 and 20 days, the analysis of 16S rDNA gene clone library and clones methods were used in this paper. The microbial diversity, predominant species and the changes of histamine-producing strains of the samples of P. japonicus gills were detected at the different storage periods. The results indicated that a microbial diversity profile was shown from a mackerel gill. The predominant microorganism is Acinetobacter sp. which accounted for 77.5% in total population of microbes, over 1 day frozen storage. There are less histamine-producing strains such as Pantoea and En-terobacter species in this period. The predominant microorganisms change to Fusobacteria bacterium and Shewanella spe-cies at the 8th day of frozen storage period, and the population of histamine-producing strains such as Photobacterium and Vibrio species increased in this period. The predominant microbes are Hafnia and Serratia species over 20 days of frozen storage. They are all histamine-producing strains. The understanding of bacterial diversity and its predominant microor-ganisms in a mackerel gill can provide important information for quality control and histamine formation caused by mi-crobes of the aquatic product.