心内科住院患者陪护者亚健康状况及影响因素

The status and influencing factors of sub-health in inpatient caregivers

目的 探讨心内科住院患者陪护者的亚健康状况及其影响因素.方法 采用亚健康状况调查问卷（SHSQ-25）对432例符合入选标准的陪护者的健康状况进行评估,SHSQ-25评分≥35分判定为亚健康状态,以100例体检者为对照,分析亚健康在住院患者陪护者中的发生率及影响因素.结果 （1）陪护者组与对照组平均SHSQ-25评分分别为（36.9±8.6）分、（27.5±13.0）分,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；陪护者组亚健康发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（69.9％比39.0％,P＜0.05）.（2）女性与男性陪护者SHSQ-25评分分别为（37.9±9.0）分、（34.6±7.1）分,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.SHSQ-25评分与年龄（r=0.578）、陪护时间（r=0.507）呈显著正相关（均P＜0.05）.住院患者的Ⅰ级亲属（父母、子女或配偶）平均SHSQ-25评分为（38.1±8.1）分,非Ⅰ级亲属平均（31.1±8.8）分,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（3）SHSQ-25评分≥35分的陪护者中10.9％的人意识到自己处于亚健康状态.结论 亚健康在住院患者陪护者中的发生率可能高于普通体检人群.性别、年龄、陪护时间及与患者亲属关系的远近都可能对陪护者的亚健康状态产生影响.应采取有效的措施改善陪护者的健康状态.

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of sub-health in inpatient caregivers.Methods A total of 432 caregivers met the inclusion criteria were enrolled.Suboptimal health status questionnaire （SHSQ-25） was used to evaluate the status of sub-health.Sub-health was defined as SHSQ-25 score ≥ 35.100 people undertaking routine physical examinations were enrolled as control group.The incidence and influencing factors of sub-health in caregivers were analyzed.Results （1） The caregivers group valued higher in SHSQ-25score significantly （36.9 ± 8.6 vs.27.5 ± 13.0,P 〈 0.05）.The incidence of sub-health was obviously higher in caregiver group than that in control group （69.9% vs.39.0%,P 〈 0.05）.（2） A significant difference in the SHSQ-25 scores between female caregivers and male caregivers was observed （37.9 ± 9.0 vs.34.6 ± 7.1,P 〈0.05）.The SHSQ-25 score was positively related with age （r =0.578,P 〈 0.05） and accompanying time （r =0.507,P 〈 0.05）.Parents,children,or spouses of patients got higher scores than other types of caregivers （38.1 ±8.1 vs.31.1 ±8.8,P〈0.05）.（3） Among the sub-health caregivers,only 10.9% of them were aware of their sub-health status.Conclusion The incidence of sub-health may be higher in inpatient caregivers than the general population.Gender,age,accompanying time,and the relationship between patients and caregivers may be influencing factors for sub-health.Effective action should be taken to improve the health status of caregivers.