瑞典融合教育的发展特点及其启示

The Characteristics of Inclusive Education in Sweden and Their Implications

瑞典融合教育经历了从隔离到一体化再到融合的过程。以融合为导向的教育改革和政策、以普通学校特殊班级和工作小组为主的模式和以特殊教育技能培训为基础的师资保障,是瑞典融合教育高度发展的特色所在。但瑞典在融合教育的过程中也面临了一些挑战,如医学模式仍占主导地位、移民带来的不平等问题以及特殊班级和工作小组模式带来的效率问题。瑞典融合教育的成功经验和教训为我国随班就读工作的发展提供了重要的借鉴与启示。

Inclusive education in Sweden, which started to develop from segregation, followed by integration and inclusion, is characterized by its inclusion-oriented educational reform and policy, the mode based on a special class and a work unit in a regular school, and a contingent of teaching staff who receive special education skills training. However, there are still challenges facing the inclusive education in Sweden, such as the dominant medical mode, the inequity resulting from immigration, and the low efficiency as a result of the special class and the work unit in a regular school. The experience and lessons in Sweden give meaningful implications to China s development of reclusive education.