明茶马贸易《四川省四路关驿图》考

A Study on Map of the Passes and Posts of the Four Routes in Sichuan Province about the Tea-Horse Trade in Ming Dynasty

本文认为《四川省四路关驿图》是明代末年四川对西南边疆乌斯藏、朵干和云南地区茶马贸易布控所需的军事专用地图,也是我国最早的一幅南方省区系统大区域军事地图,图中大量的明代地名可补方志文献记载的不足,也可从中窥视当时茶马贸易的基本状况。当然,《四川省四路关驿图》与中国大多数传统写意山水式或平面符号式地图一样,其精准度十分有限,反映了明代中国对西部边疆地区地理认知的水平。

This paper thinks that Map of Passes and Posts of the FourRrotes in Sichuan Province is a special map of military which is used for Sichuan Province to dominate the tea-horse trade of Wusizang (乌斯藏) ,Duogan (朵干) and Yunnan in the late Ming Dynasty. It is also a trans-regional military map of South-western China and can reflect the basic condition of tea-horse trade at that time. A lot of toponyms fills the blanks in the local chronicles. However,like most freehand brushwork maps and plane symbol maps in ancient China, its accuracy is very limited, which indicates that Ming Dynasty knows a little about the South-western China.