磷肥对结缕草生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Different Dosage Phosphatic Fertilizer on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica)

追肥是草坪管理的一个重要环节,为探讨草坪草生长期间是否需要追施磷肥及合理施肥量,采用盆栽生长期追施磷肥的方法,研究不同磷肥用量(0、30和60kg/hm2P2O5)对结缕草生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,30和60kg/hm2的磷肥均能使结缕草地上及地下生物量增加;30kg/hm2的磷肥提高了结缕草叶片可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量,而施用60kg/hm2磷肥则降低了可溶性蛋白质,可溶性糖及脯氨酸的含量;施用30和60kg/hm2的磷肥均使结缕草叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、最大光量子效率及表观光电子传递效率提高,但降低了水分利用率。生长期间施用磷肥能促进结缕草的生长发育,提高草坪质量。其中施肥量为30kg/hm2时结缕草各项指标均优于60kg/hm2处理的。

Topdressing is an important link in the turfgrass management. The method of pot culture is used in order to investigate whether or not phosphatic fertilizer is necessary and the proper application rate of the fertilizer during the period of plant growth. The study is carried out to examine the effects of different dosages phosphatic fertilizer （0, 30kg/hm~, and 60kg/hm^2 P205） on the growth and photosynthetic attributes of zoysiagrass （Zoysia japonica）. The results show that treatments of 30g/hm~ and 60kg/hm^2 P2Os significantly increase the above and under ground biomass of zoysiagrass compared with controls. 30kg/hm^2 P2Os treatment increases the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, and praline of zoysiagrass leafs, while 60kg/hm^2 P205 treatment decreases the content. Treatments of 30 kg/ hm^2 and 60kg/hm^2 P205 enhance chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conduction, transpiration rate, maximum photo quantum efficiency, and the electron transfer rate compared with controls, however decrease water use efficiency. During growth period, phosphatic fertilizer promotes the growth and development of zoysiagrass, improving the turfgrass quality of zoysiagrass. Every indicator of 30kg/hm^2 dosage phosphatic fertilizer is better than that of 60kg/hm^2 dosage phosphatic fertilizer.