煤矿工人ADRA2B基因Arg16Gly多态性和倒班的交互作用与原发性高血压的关系

Interaction between Arg16Gly Polymorphism of ADRA2B Gene and Shift Work on Essential Hypertension among Coal Workers

[目的]探讨β2肾上腺素能受体（β2-AR）ADRA2B基因Arg16Gly多态性及与倒班的交互作用对原发性高血压发病的影响。[方法]以某煤矿进行职业病健康检查的井下作业工人为研究对象,采用成组病例对照研究方法。选择病例组511例,对照组456例,调查内容包括工人年龄、工龄、倒班、吸烟、饮酒情况等危险因素。采集血液标本,分离淋巴细胞,提取DNA,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术检测ADRA2B基因Arg16Gly多态性。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析基因与倒班的交互作用对原发性高血压发病的影响。[结果]病例组和对照组的ADRA2B基因Arg16Gly位点AA、AG、GG基因型频率分别为27.59%（141/511）、48.73%（249/511）、23.68%（121/511）;30.01%（137/456）、53.95%（246/456）、16.04%（73/456）。病例组中携带A和G等位基因的频率分别为51.96%、48.04%;对照组为57.02%、42.98%。病例组、对照组基因型和等位基因分布差别皆有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组倒班情况分布差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。在调整年龄、工龄、高血压家族史、食盐、食用水果、食用蔬菜、体质指数、体育锻炼等影响因素后,携带GG基因型工人患原发性高血压OR是AA型的1.702倍（95%CI：1.130~2.565）;携带G等位基因型患原发性高血压OR是A等位基因的1.307倍（95%CI：1.104~1.972）;而倒班者患原发性高血压OR是不倒班者的1.388倍（95%CI：1.049~1.835）。两者同时存在时对原发性高血压影响的交互作用无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。[结论]ADRA2B基因Arg16Gly多态性可能是煤矿工人原发性高血压发生的易感因素,但尚未发现倒班和ADRA2B基因Arg16Gly多态性的交互作用与原发性高血压发生有关。

[ Objective ] To explore the role of the interaction between Arg16Gly polymorphism of beta 2 adrenergic receptor （2-AR） gene （ADRA2B） and shift work on essential hypertension （EH） occurrence. [ Methods ] A total of 511 patients with EH and 456 controls were selected from underground coal workers in a coal mine. Questionnaires were used to collect information on age, working years, shift work, smoking, drinking, et al. Blood specimens were collected to separate lymphocytes and extract DNA, and Argl6Gly polymorphism was detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The database was built with Epidata3.0 and statistically analyzed by SPSS13.0. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the impact of gene-shift work interaction on EH. [ Results ] Three genotypes （AA, AG, GO-＇） were accounted for 27.59%, 48.73% and 23.68% in the EH group as well as 30.01%, 53.95% and 16.04% in the control group, respectively. The frequencies of A and G alleles were 51.96% and 48.04% in the EH group, and 57.02% and 42.98% in the control group. There were significant differences in distributions of both alleles and genotypes （P 〈 0.05）. Significant differences were also found in the distribution of shift work between the EH groups and the controls （P 〈 0.05）. After adjusted for age, working years, family history of hypertension, intake of salt, fruits, and vegetables, body mass index, and physical activities, the odds ratio （OR） of EH was 1.702 （95%CI： 1.130-2.565） for the participants with GG genotype versus those with AA genotype; the OR of EH was 1.307 （95%CI： 1.104-1.972） for the subjects with G allele versus those with A allele. Moreover, the shift-rotation workers also presented a higher risk of having EHthan the workers without shift-rotation, with an OR of 1.388 （95%CI： 1.049-1.835）. No association was found between the gene-shift work interactions and the EH prevalence. [ Gonclusion ] Argl6Gly polymorphism of ADRA2B might be a crucial risk factor of EH among coal workers. There is no evidence indicating the interaction between 2-AR gene polymorphism and shift work would contribute to EH.