正交试验优化黑玉米籽粒中花色苷的提取

Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Anthocyanin Anthocyanins from Dark Maize

以西南大学新创的全黑玉米自交系SDM(super dark maize)为材料,以提高花色苷得率和纯度为目的,采用正交试验研究乙醇体积分数、固液比、提取液pH值、提取时间、提取温度5个提取条件对籽粒中花色苷得率和纯度的影响。结果表明:在90%的乙醇、固液比1:15(g/mL)、pH1、80℃保温15h的条件下,花色苷得率最高,但纯度最低,此条件下的纯度衡量指标A550nm/A275nm为0.10,得率为18.71%;在保证花色苷纯度较高的前提下,考虑最高得率,最优提取条件为:90%的乙醇、固液比1:15、pH1.5、70℃保温15h。

An orthogonal array design was applied to establish the optimum conditions of ethanol concentration, solid- to-liquid ratio, solvent pH, temperature and time for increased yield and purity of anthocyanins from grains of Super Dark Maize （SDM）. The results showed that maximum yield （18.71%） but minimum purity （A550nm/A275nm= 0.10） of anthocyanins were observed under the conditions of 90%, 1：15 （g/mL）, 1, 80 ℃ and 15 h for ethanol concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, pH, temperature and and time, respectively. The optimum extraction conditions to achieve maximum yield while increasing the purity of anthocyanins were 90% ethanol acidified to pH 1.5 as the extraction solvent with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1：15, 70 ℃ and 15 h.