内蒙农牧区精神分裂症患者主要照顾者的心理健康现况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of psychological health status in the primary caregivers of schizophrenia patients in agricultural and pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia

目的探讨内蒙古自治区（简称内蒙）农牧区精神分裂症患者主要照顾者的心理健康现状及相关因素，以期为临床护理人员实施心理护理提供依据。方法运用症状自评量表（SCL一90）对264名精神分裂症患者及其主要照顾者及260名健康人进行调查；采用社会支持评定量表（SSRS）测评主要照顾者社会支持状况；采用阳性、阴性症状量表（PANSS）测量患者的症状严重程度。并对上述测量的结果进行分析。结果精神分裂症患者主要照顾者SCL-90总症状指数得分高于当地健康个体，尤其是躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执各因子得分显著高于健康个体。多元回归分析显示，照顾者性别、照顾者年龄、病程、阳性症状、阴性症状及社会支持总分为主要照顾者心理健康的危险因素。结论内蒙农牧区精神分裂症患者主要照顾者心理健康状况较差。精神卫生人员应充分关注精神分裂症患者主要照顾者的心理健康状况，给予针对性措施，达到提高主要照顾者心理健康的目的。

Objective To understand the psychological health status and related factors in the primary caregivers of schizophrenia patients in Inner Mongolia, in order to provide empirical basis for nursing care. Methods A sample of 264 chronic schizophrenia patients and their primary caregivers, and 260 local normal individuals were selected according to random cluster sampling. The Symptom Check List-90 （SCL-90） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）were used to evaluate the psychological health status. Symptom severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）. Results The total SCL-90 score of caregivers of patients was higher than that of local normal individuals, especially the scores of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,and paranoid ideation were higher than those of local normal individuals. Multiple regression analysis showed that earegivers＇ sex,care- givers＂ age, duration of illness,positive symptomatology, negative symptomatology and social support were significant predictors of caregivers＂ psychological health status. Conclusions The primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia have worse mental health. Health care professionals should pay close attention to psychological health status in the primary caregivers and provide continuous individualized services,and thereby to improve the primary caregiver＂ psychological health status.