美沙酮维持治疗患者心理状态及系统化健康教育效果

Evaluation on systematic health education and mental state of patients with methadone maintenance treatment

目的调查美沙酮维持治疗患者的心理状态,并分析系统化健康教育效果。方法对70例海洛因依赖接受美沙酮维持治疗患者随机分为两组,各35例,在接受美沙酮维持治疗基础上研究组给予系统化健康教育,对照组给予一般健康教育,以症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估心理状态,以维持治疗态度、支持率、治疗知识掌握程度为指标评估实施半年的健康教育效果。结果美沙酮维持治疗患者以青壮年、商人、初中以下文化、已婚男性为主,且大多数有一定的经济基础;患者的躯体化、人际敏感、焦虑、偏执、精神病性和总症状指数等因子分显著高于常模(P<0.05或P<0.01);研究组经系统化健康教育半年后,上述增高的因子分显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而对照组除躯体化因子外仍显著高于常模(P<0.05或P<0.01);实施半年后研究组维持治疗态度正确率达97.14%、支持率达97.14%、治疗信息掌握程度为88.57%,显著高于对照组(分别为62.86%、85.71%和65.71%,P<0.01)。结论美沙酮维持治疗患者存在一定程度的心理障碍,系统化健康教育对改善其心理症状、纠正其治疗态度和提高支持率有较好效果。

Objective To investigate the mental state of patients with methadone maintenance treatment and analyze the effects of systematic health education.Methods Seventy heroin-dependent patients with methadone maintenance treatment were randomly divided into two groups（35 cases in each group） Systematic health education was given to the study group and only general health education was given to the control group,all of them received methadone maintenance treatment.The Self-reporting inventory（Symptom checklist-90,SCL-90） was tested to evaluate mental state,The indexes of the maintenance treatment attitude,supporting rate and knowledge-understanding were investigated before and after half a year to measure the effects of systematic health education.Results Most of the patients with methadone maintenance treatment were： young-and middle-aged,trader,with junior middle school education,married,male,and in good financial condition All the factor-scores including： somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,paranoid,psychosis and total symptom index showed significantly higher than those of the norms（P〈0.05 or 0.01）.After half a year’s systematic health education,the above factor-scores of the study group showed significant decrease than those of the previous level.（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.However,the above indexes of the control group still showed higher than those of the norms（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） except the somatization factor.After half a year’s education,the study group showed 97.14% in cooperative treatment attitude,97.14% in supporting rate and 88.6% in knowledge-understanding,which were significantly higher than those of the control one（62.86%,85.71% and 65.71%,respectively,P〈0.01）.Conclusion Patients with methadone maintenance treatment had certain degree of mental disorder.Systematic health education had better effects for improving mental symptoms,correcting treatment attitude and raising supporting rate.