自我认知的团体辅导对心理专业大学生应对方式、社会支持的影响

Influence of group counseling on self-cognition in psychological professional college students' coping style and social support

目的探讨自我认知的团体辅导对大学生应对方式、社会支持的影响,为开展大学生心理健康教育提供依据。方法遵义医学院临床心理专业学生26例为实验组;对照组为遵义医学院临床其他专业学生52例,以性别、年龄、民族、家庭经济状况、双亲或单亲家庭或父母离异、农村或城市为配比条件,采用1∶2配对。对实验组进行连续7学期的自我认知的团体辅导,两组分别作辅导前后测评比较。测量工具为应对方式问卷;社会支持评定量表。结果实验组团体辅导后解决问题、求助、自尊水平、总支持、主观支持显著高于对照组(P<0.05),自责显著低于对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;实验组实验后的解决问题、求助、自尊水平、总支持、主观支持显著高于对照组(P<0.05),自责显著低于对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义;对照组实验后差异无统计学意义。结论自我认知团体辅导可以提高大学生社会支持系统的调节能力,指导他们采用积极的应对方式,有助于自我调适能力的提高。

[Objectives] To explore the influence of group counseling on self-cognition in college students coping style and social support, for a purpose of providing a basis for carrying out mental health education on college students. [Methods] 26 psychological major students of ZMC were the research group while 52 other-majored medical students were the control group. They were divided into sub-groups at a ratio of one psychology student to two non-psychology students according to their sex, age, ethnic group, family economic situation, parents marital conditions and original place： city or village. Group counseling on self- cognition was done to the research group for 7 semesters. With the use of questionnaires about copying style and evaluation tables on social support, assessments were done on the two groups both before and after the counseling. [Results] Every aspect of the research group such as ability of solving problems, ability of asking for assistance, self-respect, general support and subjective support was apparently better than the control group （P 〈0.05） after the group counseling. Their sense of self-reproaching was obviously lower than the control group （P 〈0.05）. The difference was obvious after the experiment, while there was no apparent difference in the control group after the experiment. [Conclusion] Group counseling on self-cognition can improve college students adjusting ability in the social support system and guide them to use active copyingmethod.