永磁式电涡流调谐质量阻尼器的研制与性能试验

Development and performance tests of an eddy-current tuned mass damper with permanent magnets

为了克服传统的调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)阻尼单元存在的易漏油等耐久性问题,研制了一种基于电涡流阻尼耗能的竖向TMD装置。其特点在于:电涡流阻尼无需与结构接触,没有任何摩擦;产生磁场的元件为永磁体,无需外界供电;所有构件都由金属材料制成,不存在老化等现象。此外,通过调整永磁体与导体板的距离,很容易实现TMD阻尼参数的后期调节,且不会影响TMD刚度参数。理论与试验结果研究表明,研制的新型TMD具有优良的阻尼特性,而且当磁场间隙较小时电涡流阻尼理论预测值与试验结果吻合较好。

To get rid of the low durability owing to easier oil leak in damping unit of classical tuned mass dampers （TMD）, a novel vertical TMD employing the eddy current damping is developed and tested. The eddy-current damping has several advan- tages; 1） it belongs to contactless damping devices, thus there is not any friction between the damping devices and the main mass in a TMD system; 2） the magnetic field is generated from the permanent magnets, thus without any external power sup- ply; 3） all the components are made with metallic materials, thus no degradation is induced. In addition, damping ratios of TMD can be easily adjusted by varying the distance between the permanent magnets and the conductive plates with no effect on stiffness parameter. Both the theoretical and experimental results show that the developed TMD has excellent damping charac- teristics. Moreover, the eddy-current damping ratios predicted from the simplified theoretical model fit very well with those i- dentified from the test results when the magnetic gap is relatively small.