高层建筑结构振动台模型试验与原型对比的研究

Contrast study of shaking table model test with prototype for high-rise building structures

振动台模型试验是研究结构地震破坏机理和评价结构整体抗震能力的重要方法之一,如何正确处理试验模型与原型的相似关系以及如何由模型反应正确推导原型反应是很关键的问题。基于振动台试验,以12层的高层建筑框架结构为模型,对其进行了模型设计和试验,并运用大型非线性有限元分析软件MSC.Marc分别对原型结构和模型进行了地震作用下的动力响应分析。由模型地震反应按照动力相似关系推导出原型结构的地震反应,并将其与原型结构的计算值进行对比分析。通过对原型与模型自振特性、加速度、位移和剪力的对比,验证了模型与原型相似关系的准确性,振动台模型试验可以真实地反映原型结构的地震响应,据此,根据模型的试验结果可以对原型结构进行抗震性能的评估。

Shaking table model test is one of the important methods to study the mechanism of earthquake damage and evaluate the anti-seismic capacity of the overall structure, how to deal with the similarity relation between test model and prototype and how to deduce the response of prototype from the response of model correctly are the key issues. A model of twelve-storey high --rise building frame structure was designed and tested based on the shaking table test, and dynamical analysis under seismic action for prototype and model was done by large nonlinear finite element analysis software MSC. Marc. The seismic response of prototype structure was deduced from model response according to the dynamic similarity relation, and compared with the calculated value of prototype structure. The accuracy of similarity relationship between model and prototype structure was veri- fied by comparing the natural vibration properties, acceleration, displacement and shear, vibration table model test could reflect truly the seismic response of prototype structure, thus the earthquake resistant behavior of prototype structure could be evalua- ted according to the test results of model.