玉米秸秆整株原位翻压还田技术研究

Research on Technique of Intact Stem Anchor Ground Till(ISAGT) of Corn

本文报道了一项全新的玉米秸秆还田技术:玉米秸秆整株原位翻压还田技术(简称:整翻技术ISAGT technique)。文内介绍了整翻技术的技术工艺、操作方法和技术要点及4年的实验研究结果。研究证明,整翻处理的玉米秸杆在一年内有85％以上可以腐解,不会影响来年的秋收种麦工作;整翻处理的土壤微生物群体比清茬翻耕处理(对照)提高1～2倍;经4年整翻处理,土壤有机质含量由0.8％左右提高到1.27％,年递增约0.1％,有显著的土壤培肥效果;整翻处理对小麦苗期生长无不良影响,后期生长稳健,小麦产量逐年增加,增产幅度为5.5％～23.7％;与传统堆沤还田耕作方式和现行的粉碎还田技术比较,整翻技术每公顷作业费分别降低742.5元和225元。整翻技术具有省工、省时、省力、省钱、节能增产的良好效果,在曲周实验区不推自广,目前已有750hm^2的应用面积。

The intact stem anchor ground till(ISAGT technique) was a new technique of corn stem cover. In this paper, the operation procedure and key point of technique was described and the results of study on this technique for four years was reported. Research results indicated that corn stem in soil could be putrefied by 85 % in ISAGT treatment and it had no influence in seeding wheat next year. Population of soil microorganism in ISAGT treatment was 1 to 2 times higher than control. Soil organic matter was increased from 0.8% to 1.27% , 0.1% increasing per year. The seedlings of wheat with ISAGT treatment was healthy before winter and was stronger than control at later growth stage. The yield of wheat increased during four years gradually. The yield was 5.5% to 23.7% higher than control treatment, the cost of ISAGT technique was 742.5 and 225 Yuan/hm lower than traditional till and smash stem till(SST), respectively . ISAGT technique has been extended for 750 hm2.