西藏拉萨市堆龙德庆县45岁以上农牧民高血压流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation for hypertension prevalence and analysis of farmers and herders over 45 years old in Duilongdeqing County of Tibet,China

目的分析西藏拉萨市堆龙德庆县45岁以上农牧民高血压患病情况及对高血压的知晓、治疗及控制情况。方法对当地农牧民1 350人进行性别、年龄、身高、体质量、血压、心率、肝肾功能、心电图、B超、胸透及尿常规等检测,以问卷调查形式了解高血压患者对高血压的知晓、治疗及控制情况。结果高血压患病率为45.77%,知晓率为26.21%,治疗率为22.29%,控制率为2.75%。高血压知晓率和治疗率均随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05),但控制率无明显变化(P>0.05);女性知晓率和治疗率均高于男性(P<0.05),男女性间控制率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。影响高血压知晓率和治疗率的主要因素是年龄、高血压家族史、体质量指数、性别。结论该地区45岁以上农牧民高血压患病率较高,知晓率低,治疗率及控制率更低;45岁以上农牧民高血压防治形势严峻,应引起有关部门的高度重视。

Objective To analyze the prevalence rate of hypertension among the farmers and herders over 45 years of age in Duilongdeqing county of Tibet,China. Methods Random sampling survey was conducted among 1 350 farmers and herders aged 45 above in Tibet. The investigation included questionnaire and medical examination of blood pressure, body weight, height, etc. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 45. 77 %, and the rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were 26.21%, 22.29 % and 2.75%, respectively, the awareness rate and the treatment rate were increased with age （P〈0.05）. The main effect factors on the rates of awareness, treat- ment and control of hypertension were age, family history, body mass index and sex. Conclusion The prevalence of the hypertension in the county might be higher than the national prevalence. Most of the patients with hypertension were unaware of their disease and had not been treated with anti-hypertensive medications.