青海湖环境恶化危害与防治对策

Harmfulness of Qinghai Lake Environment Deterioration and Corresponding Control Measures

人类不合理的生产经营活动使青海湖地区生态环境遭到严重破坏 ,有数百条小河小溪已不复存在 ,湖水深由2 0世纪初的 3 7 5m下降到现在的 2 5 3m ,1963～ 1996年的 3 3年间单位面积的鲜草产量下降了 3 7 4 %。恶化的生态环境使狂风沙暴频繁发生 ,加速了流动沙丘迁移 ,迫使居民数次搬迁。在实施西部地区大开发战略中 ,要把该区治理作为一项战略性任务来抓 ,明确治理目标 ,把林草业的建设作为区域基础产业 ,全力推行节水灌溉技术 。

Unreasonable human activities have resulted in serious damage of ecological environment in Qinghai lake region. Hundreds of small streams disappeared, the depth of the lake has decreased to 25 3 m at present from 37 5 m at the beginning of this century, the fresh grass production on unit area had dropped 37 4% during 33 years from 1963 to 1996. Deteriorated ecological environment leads to frequent strong wind with sand storms, and speeds up movement of movable sand dune, and forces residents to resettle many times. Harness of the lake should be a strategic task and paid much attention in the development strategy of the west China with clear target, forest and grassland construction should be taken as regional basic industry to make full effort to extend water saving irrigation techniques, strengthen protection of water resources and biological varieties.