贺兰山国家级自然保护区蒙古扁桃生长状况调查

A Survey of Growth Status of Prunus mongolica in Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve in Ningxia

采用野外样地调查法,对宁夏贺兰山自然保护区不同沟道样地蒙古扁桃株数、冠幅、株高和盖度等生长指标进行观测。结果表明:宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区由南向北,蒙古扁桃在各调查沟道均有分布,但呈现分布不均匀的特点,其中贺兰山东坡中段以贺兰口、插旗口、大水沟、汝箕沟和拜寺口的生长状况相对最好,而甘沟、归德沟和盘沟的生长状况相对较差;位于贺兰山东坡北段的王泉沟分布的蒙古扁桃生长状况较好,道路沟的相对较差。随海拔高度的增加,苏峪口和王泉沟的蒙古扁桃生长状况呈现相反的变化趋势。苏峪口沟各调查样地蒙古扁桃的株数、株高、冠幅以及盖度的变化随海拔高的增加呈现先增加后下降的趋势,以海拔1 800～2 000 m范围内的生长状况较好;而王泉沟各调查样地蒙古扁桃株数、株高、冠幅和盖度随海拔的增加呈现下降的趋势,以海拔1 500～1 600 m范围内蒙古扁桃的生长状况最好。研究结果对进一步进行贺兰山蒙古扁桃的保育具有一定的实践指导意义。

The growth indicators such as the number of trees, crown, plant height and coverage of Prunus mongolica on sam- ple plots in different channels in Ningxia Helan Mountain Nature Reserve were observed adopting field sample plot survey method. The results showed that in Ningxia Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve, Prunus mongolica distributed in every channel surveyed from south to north, but it presented the characteristics of an uneven distribution. The growth status were relatively the best in Helankou ravine, Chaqikou ravine, Dashuigou ravine, Rujigou ravine and Baisikou ravine hut were rel- atively poor in Gangou ravine, Guidegou ravine and Pangou revine in the middle section of Helan mountain east slope. The growth status of the Prunus mongolica distributed in Wangquangou were better than those in Daolugou ravine in the northern section of Helan mountain east slope. With the increasing of altitude, the growth status of Prunus mongolica in Suyukou ravine and Wangquangou ravine showed the opposite trend. With the increasing of altitude, the numbers of trees, plant height, canopy and cover degree of Prunus mongolica on every sample plots in Suyukou prsented increasing fi^tly and then decreasing and the growth status of Prunus mongolica within the elevation of 1 800-2 000 meters were best. On the con- trary, The numbers of trees, plant height, canopy and cover degree of Prnnus mongolica in every survey plots in Wangquan- gou showed decreasing trend with the increasing of altitude and the growth status of Prunus mongolica within the elevation of 1 500-1 600 meters were best. The research results have certain practical significance to further conservation of Prunus mongolica in Helan Mountain.