发酵制药废水对水生微型动物群落级污染效应研究

The Pollution Effect Research on Fermenting Pharmaceutical Wastewater to Aquatic Microbial Communities

制药废水是一类难处理的高浓度有机废水，为了尽早的对制药废水的污染效应进行风险监测和预警，以某发酵类制药企业为研究对象，采用多样性指数法和PFu室内毒性研究法，对发酵型制药废水在微型动物群落级水平产生的污染效应进行了比较研究。多样性指数结果显示Shannon-Wiener指数（H），始终处于0～1的区间且5月份数值更接近于0，Simpson氏多样性指数（动值5月份最高，表明该发酵类制药废水属于重度污染的水体且在5月份污染最重。PFu室内毒性实验中对3个功能性参数的计算结果表明5月的Sep少、G低、t90％长，符合对污染严重水体的要求。结果表明，尽管该种制药废水是按照现有排放标准排放的，但是仍存在较高的环境风险，利用野外调查与PFu室内毒性实验法相结合可以有效地监测和预报制药废水的环境风险，并有助于完善现有制药废水排放标准。

Pharmaceutical wastewater was a kind of unwieldy high concentration organic wastewater. In order to monitor and warn the pollution effect of pharmaceutical wastewater early, this paper took the wastewater from some fermenting pharmaceutical company, adopts the method of diversity index and PFU indoor toxicity test, and demonstrated a comparative study about the pollution effect of micro animal community level. The Shannon-Wiener index （H） is always at 0-1 interval, and the number in May was closer to O. The Simpson index （D） was at its highest in May, these figures show that fermenting pharmaceutical wastewater belonged to intense pollution water and got the most serious pollution in May. In PFU indoor toxicity test, the three functional parameters of the calculation results showed that Soq was little, G was low, and tgo~ was long, meeting the requirement of intense polluted water. The results showed that, using the method that combined field survey with PFU indoor toxicity test, the environmental risks of pharmaceutical wastewater could be monitored and help to improve the existing emissions of pharmaceutical wastewater standard.