木霉的营养生长及发酵条件

Nutrition and Fermentation of Trichoderma

木霉是一类分布广泛的土壤习居菌 ,而且对一些病原真菌有很大的生防潜力。大部分木霉对营养的需求并不十分严格 ,可以分解利用纤维素、半纤维素、几丁质等多种多聚物作为其生长的碳源物质 ,也可以利用多种简单的和复杂的氮源化合物生长。为了应用木霉防治真菌病害 ,研究者摸索了各种培养条件 ,以求在低成本的前提下获得高的培养产物。其中包括应用糖蜜、麦麸、植物秸杆、虫草头孢废液和玉米粉等进行的固体培养、液体培养和固液两相培养 。

Trichoderma spp. are cosmopolitan and abundant inhabitants of soil, and some of them are of great biocontrol potential. Trichoderma spp. have a remarkable biosynthetic ability. They can grow on simple media and a variety of complex carbon and nitrogen substrates. In order to control plant pathogens with Trichoderma spp., a number of culture conditions are studied, including solid fermentation, liquid fermentation and solid-liquid two -phase fermentation using molasses, wheat bran, plant stover, and cornmeal etc. In these studies, they all used cheap media and tried to massproduce the antagonists in the form of spores, mycelia, or mixtures. They provide basic information for large batches fermentation of commercial production.