“省直管县”改革影响因素分析

An Analysis of Factors Influencing Province-governing-county Reform

"省直管县"改变了20世纪80年代形成的"市管县"体制,对原有地方政府间治理结构形成实质性重构,但其改革效果预期却引发了广泛争论,原因在于影响"省直管县"改革效果的因素非常复杂。按照"既成事实的程度"与"短时间改变的可能性"两个维度,可以将影响因素分为"客观性影响因素"、"主观性影响因素"、"现实性影响因素"、"期待性影响因素",以及处于中间状态的"中间因素"。研究发现,除了少数客观现实外,多数影响因素都掺杂着某种期待或主观判断。各个影响因素在各地的分布极不均匀。在复杂多样的因素影响下,改革应根据各地的情况,参考不同的影响因素,全面权衡,分类指导,渐进实施,不宜"一刀切"。

The Province-Governing-County reform has changed the City-Governing-County system which was formed in 1980s. It substantially reconstituted the original governance structure of local governments, but it has also aroused broad dispute on the prospection of reform effect. The reason is that the influencing factors are very complicated. According to the two dimensions of the degree of established facts and the possibility of change within a short period of time, these influencing factors can be grouped into objective influencing factors, subjective influencing factors, realistic influencing factors, anticipating influencing factors and intermediate factors. The findings show that many influencing factors, except a little amount of objective influencing factors, are mingled with some anticipation or subjective judgment. Since the influencing factors are unevenly distributed, the reform should l^e carried out step by step and follow the classified guidance principle in accordance with different areas. It is inappropriate to adopt the approach of one-size-fits-all.