中国慈善体制改革的三重路径及其演进逻辑——基于三个案例的比较分析

On the Three Paths of Reform in China's Charity System and Their Development Logic

中国慈善体制改革的核心是从政府型慈善组织转变成社会型慈善组织。这一转变过程表现为社会化、企业化、市场化的三重路径。从案例比较来看,社会化是慈善体制改革的核心路径,企业化的核心要素是品牌项目运作,市场化是建立在成熟的社会化和企业化基础之上的。当前有筹资网络社会化、执行网络社会化、慈善财务透明推动三种改革演进逻辑,而慈善财务透明是慈善体制改革的关键。

The core of reform in China＇s charity system is the change from government-based charity organizations to society-based charity organizations. This change has three paths： society-oriented path, enterprise-oriented path and market-oriented path. Based on a case study, society-oriented path is a key of reform in Cbina＇s charity system; the core of enterprise-oriented path is good project; market-oriented path is based on mature society-oriented path and enterprise-oriented path. According to Lin, Nan＇ s institutional transformation theory, this paper puts forward an analysis framework of charity system operation by which the author analyzes the causal relationship between government absence and social network operation and clarifies the internal mechanism of reform process. Further, this paper draws the two basic conclusions： there are three reform approaches： financing by social network; performing in social network; financial transparency of charity system which is a key of reform in China＇s charity system.