政府职能的重大转变:从宏观调控再到宏观管理

A Significant Change in Government Functions:from Macro-control to Macro-management

十八届二中全会拉开新一轮行政体制改革序幕以来的一个显著变化是:时隔近二十年之后,重提"宏观管理",并弱化曾经长期作为政府首要工作的"宏观调控"的提法。这是基于对近十年来宏观调控及相关工作进行深刻总结的慎重决定,传达出此次改革力图在政府职能这个长期以来久拖未决的核心问题上有所作为的重大信号,并规定着接下来改革的整体思路。具体来说,从宏观调控再到宏观管理,体现出了政府职能将要并且应当在三个方面发生实质性转变:一是由短期性的宏观调控走向综合性的宏观管理;二是由经济领域的宏观管理走向全领域的宏观管理;三是从职责同构与过度集权走向宏观管理与微观管理的合理分工。这三大转变若要成功,需要在准确把握行政体制的中国特色的基础上稳步推进。

The second plenary meeting of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China launched the new round of administrative reform. Macro-management was re-mentioned after nearly two decades and macro-control which was regarded as government＇ s top priority for a long term was weakened. This significant change is a major sign that government want to do something about government functions and will determine the follow-up reform plan. Specifically, there will be the three significant changes in government functions：Firstly, from the short-term macro-control to the comprehensive macro-management; secondly, the macro-management from economic field to all fields; thirdly, from the isomorphic responsibility government system and excessive centralization to the rational division of labor between macro-management and micro-management. It is necessary to accurately grasp Chinese characteristics of the administrative system so as to make a successful change.