纤维素织物在土壤中的生物处理

Biological Treatment of Cellulose Fabrics in Soil

采用土埋法研究棉、亚麻、粘胶3种纤维素织物的生物降解性,研究了织物降解前后的外观形态和微观结构的变化。结果表明:降解时间越长,或者埋入深度越浅,纤维降解程度越大;在较佳的降解条件下,亚麻纤维的降解率最高,外观形态破坏最严重。红外光谱显示,降解前后3种纤维的主要特征峰的位置基本没有变化,说明纤维素分子的结构没有显著变化。X射线衍射研究表明降解后3种纤维都在2θ角位于26.6°附近形成了一个新的衍射峰,该衍射峰的强度随降解时间的增加逐渐增大,随埋入深度的增加却无明显变化;降解后3种纤维结晶度随降解时间和埋入深度的变化趋势较为复杂。

The biodegradability of cellulose fabrics such as cotton, flax and viscose was studied by the soil burial method. The changes of morphological appearance and microstructure of fabrics were studied. The results show ： the longer the degradation time was, or the shallower the burying depth was, and then the more serious the biodegradability of cellulose was; in the better conditions of degradation, the degradation rate of the flax was the highest, and the degree of damages to the appearance was the most serious. The infrared spectrum showed that there was little change in the position of the main characteristic peak of the three fibers before and after degradation, which indicated that the structure of the cellulose molecule had no significantly change. The study on X-ray diffraction showed a new diffraction peak for the three fabrics formed at the position of 20 =26.6°. the intensity of the diffraction peak gradually increased with the degradation time, but there was no significant change with the rise in the burying depth. After degradation, the variation tendency of the degree of crystallinity of the three fibers with the degradation time and the burying depth was relatively complicated.