栀子花中糖苷酶的分离及其与醇系香气形成的关系

Glycosidases separation and their relation to alcohol aroma production in the flowers of Gardenia Jasminoides E

利用柱层析法对栀子花中糖苷酶进行了分离收集 .通过对 β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-木糖苷酶和 β-樱草糖苷酶三种酶活性的测定 ,收集液被划分为 A～ K共 11个分部 ,利用各分部与栀子花的粗香气前体物进行香气生成反应 ,来分析各分部与 Z- 3-己烯醇、莰醇、芳樟醇、牛儿醇、苯甲醇、2 -苯乙醇、丁子香酚七种香气生成的关系 .结果表明 :β-葡萄糖苷酶和 β-樱草糖苷酶的活性在 H分部最高、β-木糖苷酶的活性在 F分部最高 ;莰醇、芳樟醇、2 -苯乙醇、Z- 3-己烯醇、牛儿醇均以 F分部的生成量最多 ;丁子香酚、苯甲醇的生成高峰分别在 E与 I分部 .七种醇系香气总量中 2 -苯乙醇、Z- 3-己烯醇占明显多数 .此外 ,以从山茶花中提纯的丁子香酚基 - β-樱草糖苷为底物的对比试验结果表明 :β-樱草糖苷酶确能水解樱草糖苷键 ;栀子花与山茶花的丁子香酚生成途径可能不同 .

Glycosidases were separated with CM Toyopearl 650M column chromatography in this study. The collected liquid was divided into eleven fractions from A to K by the activities of three glycosidases β Glucosidase,β Xylosidase and β Primeverosidase. The relationship between the protein fractions and the seven aroma productions was examined by observing the aroma producing reaction of primarily prepared aroma precursor extract in the flowers of Gardenia Jasminoides E.. It was found that the highest β Glucosidase and β primeverosidase activities were in H fraction, while the greatest β Xylosidase activity was in F fraction. The enzyme activity of individual fraction showed evident difference in the production of the seven aromas. H fraction resulted in the production of borneol, linalool, 2 phenyl ethanol, Z 3 hexenol and geraniol, while E fraction brought the highest eugenol production and I fraction gave the maximum benzyl alcohol output respectively. Of the seven alcoholic aromas, 2 phenyl ethanol and Z 3 hexenol constituted the majority of total production. In addition, the experiments in eugenol primeveroside extracted as substrate from Camellia sasanqua L. showed that β primeverosidase can really hydrolyze the glycosidic bond in primeveroside and there may exist different pathways of eugenol synthesis in Gardenia Jasminoides E. and Camellia sasanqua L..