明洪武二十二年四川岩州茶马比价问题辨析

An Analysis of The Exchange Rate Between Tea and Horse in Yanzhou,Sichuan in the Hongwu 22 Year of the Ming Dynasty

明洪武二十二年,关于四川岩州茶马司定价问题,《明太祖实录》记载:一匹马给茶一千八百斤,《弇山堂别集》记载为:十匹马给茶一千八百斤。凡研究明代茶马贸易的学者基本上都采用《明实录》的说法,以此来论证官营茶马贸易衰落及相关问题。之所以出现以上二者差距十倍的原因,是因为抄写或勘印所导致。事实上",马十匹给茶一千八百斤"更能符合当时岩州茶马比价的实际,也与明王朝整个茶马比价政策相一致的。

In Hongwu 22 Year of the Ming Dynasty, the problem concerning price-giving in Yanzhou Tea and Horse Bureau of Sichuan was recorded in the Memoir of Ming Taizu Emperor as a horse equaling 1800 jin of tea. However, In the collected works of Yanshantang, ten horses equals 1800 jin of tea. The same thing was recorded differently to the extent of ten times, the reason of which was that the Memoir of Ming Taizu Emperor＇s edition we see today has experienced many compilations and copies, and it is different from the one Wang Shizhen saw. That ten horses equals 1800 jin of tea is consistent with the tea and horse exchange rate of Yanzhou and the policy of that in the whole country of the Ming Dynasty at the time.