基于PLC的仓库桥式起重机变频控制系统

Warehouse bridge crane inverter control system based on PLC

针对传统桥式起重机控制系统存在体积庞大、可靠性差、故障率高的问题,将可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)技术和变频技术应用到新型控制系统中。该系统通过PLC控制变频器改变电源频率和相序来调节起重机的电机转速和方向,实现了前进、后退和升降的速度调节;分析了该新型控制系统的工作原理,在该控制系统内,建立了PLC与电源及安保系统之间的自动保护关系;设计了控制系统的架构,给出了控制系统的硬件组成及其接线原理图,编写了基于欧姆龙(Omron)PLC的控制系统软件,并给出了软件梯形图;在仓库桥式起重机上对该控制系统进行了安装、调试和运行的试验。研究结果表明,改进后的桥式起重机控制系统体积小,运行稳定、可靠,并且具有明显的节能效果。

Aiming at the problems of a large volume, poor reliability, high failure rates on the traditional bridge type crane control system, a new control system based on PLC and variable frequency control was designed. In the system, the speed and direction of crane motor were controlled by PLC-based inverter. The back, forward and lift speed regulations were realized. After analysis of the principle, the automatic protection relation between the PLC and the system of power and security was established in the control system. The structure of the control system was designed. Hardware components and wiring diagram of the control system were given. The software of the control system based on Omron PLC was written and the software ladder diagram was given. The experiments of installation, commissioning and operation were done on the control system of the warehouse bridge crane. The results indicate that the improved bridge type crane control system is small, operates stably and reliably, reduces resource waste.