电动汽车充电站谐波治理的仿真研究

Simulation on harmonic elimination of electric vehicle charging station

针对电动汽车充电站所引起的谐波电流等电能质量问题,利用等效电阻的方法模拟研究了充电机的工作电流特性。在此基础上,建模了一个小区充电站,仿真分析了该充电站的谐波电流的特点,以及在最小等效电阻时所可达到的最大谐波电流。采用改变仿真时等效电阻值的方法,研究了电动汽车的撤出与接入所引起的谐波含量的突变特性。简单介绍了LC滤波器以及有源滤波器的工作原理,并设计了相应的滤波器参数。利用Simulink来仿真两者在充电站中的滤波实验,并观察对比了两者的滤波效果。研究结果表明,LC滤波器具备一定的滤波能力,相对来说,有源滤波器的滤波效果更好。同时针对谐波电流的突变特性,有源滤波器也有着不错的跟踪治理性能,这为电动汽车充电站的建设提供了一定的指导作用。

Aiming at solving the problems of harmonic currents generated by electric vehicle（EV） charging station, the characteristic of working current of the electric vehicle was studied, simulating the EV as an equivalent resistor. Based on this, a small EV charging station was simulated in a community to study the characteristic of the station＇s harmonic current. The largest harmonic was gotten during the simulation as the equivalent resistor was taken the minimum value. Meanwhile,harmonic variability was analyzed when the EV comes to charging or leave, by the way of changing the resistor＇s value. After that, LC power filter and active power fiher（APF）were introduced and designed to compare the filtering effects. The experimental results indicate that APF has the better effect than the LC filter, and good tracking performance as the resistor＇s value changes suddenly. The conclusion can be a guiding suggestion for the construction of the future charging station.