田径高水平后备人才培养与奥运战略的对策研究

Cultivation of reserved talents in track and field in China and the strategies in Olympics

目前我国的高水平田径运动员和世界顶级田径高手相比差距还很大,多数研究证明后备人才的培养是制约田径项目发展的瓶颈。运用文献资料法、访问调查法搜集有关高水平后备人才基地的材料,从运动员现状、教练员现状、运动员训练情况等方面详细介绍目前我国高水平后备人才基地的状况,分析基地的优势和劣势,并就高水平后备人才基地对我国的奥运战略提出5项措施:1)进一步扩大选材和招生力度,加强后备人才的储备;2)对基地教练员进行长期、系统的培训;3)制定长期训练规划,做好基地的育才工作;4)建立健全青少年竞赛机制;5)建立国家少年奥林匹克单项集训队。

The track and field events always provide the largest number of gold medals in Olympic Games, and the better performance in them will guarantee the final success in the Olympics. At present, the talented track and field athletes in China are still far behind those who are in the world. Most studies show that the lack of reserved talents cultivation restricts the development of the track and field events. This paper introduced the current situation of the reserved talent in China from the conditions of athletes and the coaches, and the training conditions. It analysed the advantages and disadvantages of the base and came up five pieces of advice about the reserved talent base to the Chinese Olympics＇ strategies： 1 ） further expansion of the selection and the recruit of students to strengthen the reserve of back - up talents ; 2 ） Provide long - term and systematic training to the base trainers; 3 ） Make a long- term training plan and construct a good training project; 4） Establish a sound mechanism for youth competition; 5）Establish an individual national Olympic event training team of teenagers. The above five measures aimed to solve the problem fundamentallv in the traininzof the reserved talents in the track and field of China.